Technical efficiency changes of rice farming in the favorable irrigated areas of Indonesia

Abstract The main sources of rice production growth are increases in the yield and area harvested. Yield improvement is carried out through intensification, mainly using more inputs better irrigation, while increasing harvested associated with cropping intensity. Unfortunately, even favorable irrigated areas, outcomes coupled approach not always synergistic. This study aims to assess technical efficiency (TE), its changes direction, factors responsible for inefficiency during last 10 years. data analyzed were those farming a panel survey farmer households several villages irrigation. was conducted 2010, 2016, 2021. results showed that use higher seed quality inorganic fertilizers positively affected yield. TE level relatively high but tended degrade these 3 farmers’ Java Island than outside Java. older farmer, inefficient was. number family members working negatively efficiency. increased as agricultural contribution household income increased. On other hand, educational background did significantly affect TE. Based on findings, it recommended encourage farmers adopt seeds improved varieties. It also urgent young pursue their profession. In middle long term, breeding varieties adapted climate stress will become pressing need.